14.REVIEW - THE AMAZING LITTLE MAGNETS MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA By SUMAIYA A. SHAIKH AND RATNA TRIVEDI
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) were first discovered by Richard P. Blakemore in 1975, and this led to the
discovery of a wide collection of microorganisms with similar features i.e., the ability to internalize Fe
and convert it into magnetic nanoparticles, in the form of either magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4).
Studies showed that these particles are highly crystalline, monodisperse, bioengineerable and have high
magnetism that is comparable to those made by advanced synthetic methods, making them candidate
materials for a broad range of bio-applications. In this review article, the history of the discovery of MTB
and subsequent efforts to elucidate the mechanisms behind the magnetosome formation are briefly
covered. The focus is on how to utilize the knowledge gained from fundamental studies to fabricate
functional MTB nanoparticles (MTBNPs) that are capable of tackling real biomedical problems.
KEY WORD: Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB); magnetosome; MTB nanoparticles (MTBNPs).
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